Chemoprevention of colon cancer: a systematic review of aberrant crypt foci and tumor data in rats.
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Chemoprevention
Our goal is to stop colon cancer before it starts, in other words, to prevent colorectal cancer. A first way to prevent colon cancer is to detect early lesions (colorectal polyps), and to remove them during a colonoscopy. The other way to prevent cancer, is to find a way of life that reduces cancer risk. According to Cummings & Bingham, dietary changes might prevent 70-80% of colorectal cancer, a major cause of death in nonsmokers. Diet may carry chemopreventive agents that could reduce the cancer risk. These agents can inhibit the initiation of preneoplastic lesions by carcinogens, or reverse their progression to invasive cancers.
- The American National Cancer Institute tells that chemoprevention is the use of natural or synthetic substances to reduce the risk of developing cancer, or to reduce the chance that cancer will recur (come back).
- The I.A.R.C. uses the term chemoprevention for interventions with pharmaceuticals, vitamins, minerals or other chemicals (natural and synthetic) at any of the multiple stages of carcinogenesis to reduce cancer incidence.
- More than 300 agents have been tested for chemoprevention in rodents: most of them were fed to rats, during or after the injection of a colon carcinogen. The aim of those animal studies is to detect potent and non-toxic chemopreventive agents that might eventually be given to people, to reduce their risk of colorectal cancer, a strategy conceived by W. Robert Bruce in Toronto, followed by Mike Wargowich and Roderick H. Dashwood among others.
We thus wanted to find the most potent agents, or diet, or treatment to prevent intestinal tumors in preclinical studies. A systematic review of those studies is given in the attached database.
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Corpet DE & Taché S, 2002, Nutrition & Cancer - & - DE Corpet & F Pierre, 2003, Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prevention
http://www.inra.fr/reseau-nacre/sci-memb/corpet/indexan.html & Mirror site